Golf carts have long been a staple on golf courses and private properties. However, with the growing popularity of using them in neighborhoods and city areas, many Michigan residents are asking how to make a golf cart street legal in Michigan. If you’re a golf cart owner looking to drive your cart beyond the game of golf, this guide is for you.
In this comprehensive article, we’ll explore Michigan’s golf cart laws, steps for legalizing your cart, safety requirements, insurance considerations, and everything else you need to know.
Understanding Golf Cart Laws in Michigan
Michigan’s regulations surrounding the operation of golf carts vary depending on city ordinances and road classifications. According to the Michigan Vehicle Code, golf carts are not considered motor vehicles by default. However, they can be classified as Low-Speed Vehicles (LSVs) when modified to meet certain safety standards.
Each city attorney or City Hall can pass a city ordinance allowing golf carts on certain city streets or county roads, excluding trunk line highways and interstate highways. For example, cities like Manistee City have regulations permitting golf carts under specific conditions.
Always check with your current city or individual cities for local ordinances before taking your cart on public streets or public roads.
Requirements to Make Your Golf Cart Street Legal in Michigan
1. Upgrade Your Golf Cart to Meet Vehicle Safety Standards
To qualify as a Low-Speed Vehicle, your golf cart must meet federal vehicle safety requirements outlined by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Some of the essential upgrades include:
- Headlights and tail lamps
- Turn signals and electric turn signals
- Brake lights
- Exterior mirror and rearview mirrors
- Seat belts and safety belts for each passenger
- Parking brake
- Vehicle sign indicating a slow-moving vehicle
- A 17-digit conforming Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
These features for golf carts are essential for ensuring safety while sharing the road with normal motor vehicles.
2. Install License Plate and Insurance
Once your cart is modified, you will need to apply for a license plate and register it as a motor vehicle with the Michigan Secretary of State.
Additionally, Michigan law mandates that you obtain:
- Liability insurance coverage limits that comply with the state’s minimum
- A valid proof of insurance or no-fault insurance policy
- Personal Injury Protection (PIP) under Michigan’s No-Fault auto insurance law
Your responsible auto insurance company can assist with the appropriate policy. Some companies even bundle motorcycle insurance company options with golf cart coverage.
3. Driver Eligibility
Only a valid driver’s license holder can legally operate a street-legal golf cart. Ensure that all golf cart operators possess proper licensing.
4. Comply with Operation Time and Speed Limits
Michigan law restricts golf cart use on public streets to the period one hour after sunrise to one hour before sunset. They are also subject to a speed limit of 15-25 miles per hour, depending on local regulations.
Golf carts are prohibited from driving on pedestrian sidewalks, one-way roads, or crossing trunk line highways unless designated.
Safety Considerations
Seat Belts & Crash Helmets
Every passenger must use seat belts or safety belts when riding. While crash helmets are typically not required for golf carts, always check local laws to ensure compliance.
Insurance Requirements and No-Fault Benefits
Michigan’s no-fault insurance system extends to golf carts classified as motorized vehicles. Therefore, drivers must carry a no-fault auto insurance law compliant policy covering:
- No-fault benefits
- Personal Injury Protection (PIP)
- Proof of insurance must be presented upon request by a police officer
In the event of a golf cart accident, having a valid policy will cover both the driver and any injured golf cart operator involved.
Application Process: TR-54 Form
Before registering your cart, complete a TR-54 form (Application for Vehicle Title and Registration). You’ll need to submit:
- Proof of safety modifications
- VIN compliance
- Insurance details
- Driver’s license copy
- Payment for applicable fees
Roadway Limitations: Where Can You Drive?
You can operate street-legal golf carts on:
- Public streets where posted speed limits are 35 MPH or lower
- County roads (except trunk line highways)
- City streets in areas where permitted by ordinance
Avoid lanes of traffic, lines of traffic, and interstate highways where golf carts are banned.
Enforcement and Penalties
Police officers and road patrol officers are authorized to enforce compliance. Violations like:
- Driving without insurance
- Failing to meet signal requirements
- Driving over the allowed miles per hour
- Ignoring operating hours
Can result in fines, suspension, or even impoundment. Police reports are filed for any incidents.
Golf Cart Operation in Special Areas: Mackinac Island
Places like Mackinac Island prohibit motorized vehicles entirely, including golf carts, to preserve the environment. Always check area-specific rules.
Benefits of Making Your Golf Cart Street Legal
- Expanded Use: Beyond the game of golf, you can run errands or commute short distances.
- Environmental Friendliness: Many electric golf carts are eco-friendly alternatives.
- Cost Savings: They’re cheaper to maintain than normal motor vehicles or commercial vehicles.
Responsibilities of Golf Cart Owners
As a golf cart owner, it’s essential to:
- Follow local golf cart laws and laws about golf carts
- Maintain insurance compliance
- Avoid golf cart accidents by adhering to traffic regulations
- Work with reputable manufacturers of golf carts or consult a golf cart dealer for modifications
Conclusion: Navigating Michigan’s Golf Cart Laws
Understanding how to make a golf cart street legal in Michigan involves meeting safety standards, registering appropriately, and complying with city and state laws. While the process may seem detailed, it allows you to enjoy the convenience and fun of golf cart use safely and legally.
Before hitting the public roads, consult your city attorney, review your no-fault policy, and ensure all modifications meet Michigan’s requirements. With the right steps, your powered vehicle can be more than just a ride on the golf courses—it can be your reliable mode of transport across your community.